微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)有(you)機肥(fei)料(liao)(liao)是在微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)肥(fei)料(liao)(liao)基礎上發(fa)展(zhan)起來的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)高效、無毒、無污染、無公害的(de)新型(xing)肥(fei)料(liao)(liao)。目前，隨著(zhu)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)學、肥(fei)料(liao)(liao)學研究工作不斷深入(ru)，人們已經把(ba)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)、肥(fei)料(liao)(liao)和環境作為一(yi)個整體來研究，形(xing)成了由單一(yi)菌種(zhong)(zhong)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)復(fu)合菌種(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)展(zhan)、由單純生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)菌劑向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)復(fu)合生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)肥(fei)發(fa)展(zhan)，由單一(yi)劑型(xing)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)多元(yuan)劑型(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)、由小型(xing)粗(cu)放的(de)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)有(you)機肥(fei)料(liao)(liao)產業向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)綜合型(xing)集約型(xing)的(de)產業化方向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)多種(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)產模式。

生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)料是(shi)指特定(ding)功能微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)與主要以動植物(wu)(wu)殘體(ti)（如(ru)畜禽糞便、農作物(wu)(wu)秸(jie)(jie)稈等(deng)）為(wei)來源并經無害化處理、腐熟(shu)的有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)料復(fu)合而成的一類兼具微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)肥(fei)料和有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)做成的肥(fei)料。它(ta)既不是(shi)傳(chuan)統的有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)，也(ye)不是(shi)單純的菌肥(fei)，是(shi)二者的有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)結合體(ti)，它(ta)是(shi)以自然中(zhong)的有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)為(wei)基質和載體(ti)，加入適量的無機(ji)(ji)元素(su)，還(huan)含(han)有(you)(you)(you)(you)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)特定(ding)功能的微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)，這是(shi)此類產(chan)品(pin)的本質特征，其有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)質載體(ti)大多為(wei)作物(wu)(wu)秸(jie)(jie)稈、草炭、禽畜糞、生(sheng)活(huo)垃圾等(deng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)廢(fei)棄(qi)物(wu)(wu)。

所(suo)含微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)應表現出一定(ding)的肥(fei)(fei)料(liao)效應，如具有(you)(you)(you)增進土壤(rang)肥(fei)(fei)力、制造(zao)和(he)協助農(nong)作物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)吸收營養、活(huo)化土壤(rang)中(zhong)難(nan)溶的化合物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)供作物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)吸收利(li)用等作用，或可(ke)產生(sheng)多種活(huo)性物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)和(he)抗、抑病(bing)(bing)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)，對農(nong)作物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的生(sheng)長有(you)(you)(you)良好的刺(ci)激與調控(kong)作用，可(ke)減(jian)少或降低作物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)病(bing)(bing)蟲害的發生(sheng)，以及改善農(nong)產品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)。目前，我國從管理上將生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)(you)機肥(fei)(fei)納入微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)肥(fei)(fei)料(liao)范(fan)疇，實施(shi)比有(you)(you)(you)機肥(fei)(fei)更為(wei)嚴(yan)格(ge)的管理措施(shi)，以促(cu)進生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)(you)機肥(fei)(fei)的健康(kang)發展(zhan)。